When WhatsApp users started freaking out near privacy on the messaging app last month, Kevin Woblick knew it was time to support his family to move to another chat service: Signal.

The 30-year-old German software designer had broached the topic after Edward Snowden leaked classified documents detailing America’s mass surveillance program. But Woblick couldn’t convince his family to delete WhatsApp despite the Snowden news and the global uproar over digital privacy that followed. So this time, he took a gentler approach. 

“It wouldn’t be too inconvenient to have a instant messenger on your phone right?” he asked his family. He found it amusing that his grandma was the friendly to agree to download the app. Then, the rest of his family followed.

Woblick and his family are by the exodus of WhatsApp users bolting from the Facebook-owned messaging app to services like Signal that are seen as find alternatives. Making the move isn’t easy, because people naturally gravitate toward apps their friends and family use, and then stick with them. In India, WhatsApp’s largest market, switching to another messaging service is even tougher because of its gargantuan reach. 

WhatsApp, which Facebook bought in 2014 for $19 billion, is used by more than 2 billion people in over 180 conditions. The popular app is an online space where republic go to chat, shop and share news. More than 175 million republic message a business on WhatsApp daily, allowing them to browse or buy items, ranging from cakes to flights. The messaging app, concept, has also been criticized for not doing enough to curb the spread of misinformation that abilities violence. In 2018, false rumors about child kidnappers ignited mob violence and killings in India, prompting WhatsApp to limit message forwarding.

Outrage over privacy on WhatsApp began to grow in January, when the service notified users it was updating its privacy policy and languages of service. The update included details about how WhatsApp data could be used and community when a user messages a business on the app. Some users opinion the changes meant WhatsApp could read their messages and listen to their personal arranged calls. WhatsApp said the messaging service can’t read personal messages, because they’re end-to-end encrypted, and that the changes wouldn’t expand the app’s contract to share data with Facebook. 

WhatsApp responded to the fallout, pushing back the update until May. It placed newspaper ads in India, shared more information on its website, and used Remaining, a tool that lets users post content that disappears within 24 hours, to assure people their personal WhatsApp messages remain private. 

By then, opinion, the damage had been done. 

From Jan.1 to Jan. 25, compared with Dec. 7 to Dec. 31, Signal installs jumped 4868%, while downloads of WhatsApp fell roughly 16%, according to data from data analytics firm SensorTower. At one point, the surge in new users led to a daylong outage on Signal. A spokesperson for Signal said the app “had a recount breaking January” but declined to say how many users are on the app. 

Unlike WhatsApp, Signal isn’t owned by a company. It’s funded by a nonprofit set up by Moxie Marlinspike and Brian Acton, who co-founded WhatsApp but left the social media giant in 2017. Besides the user wrong, the encrypted-messaging service has also been endorsed by high-profile figures, including Snowden and Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk.

David Choffnes, an associate computer science professor at Northeastern University, said WhatsApp’s policy updates could’ve rekindled worries over Facebook’s poor track record with privacy. He meant to the scandal involving Cambridge Analytica, a British political consultancy, that harvested the data of roughly 87 million Facebook users minus their permission. 

“The whole world has lost a lot of helpful in Facebook,” Choffnes said, adding that the WhatsApp backlash “was sort of like a powder keg ready to ignite.”

Nidhi Hegde, director of strategy and programs at the American Economic Liberties Project in Washington, DC, said her family uses a mix of WhatsApp and Signal. Some didn’t want to switch to a new messaging service, especially after WhatsApp delayed its privacy updates. On Thursday, WhatsApp was No. 3 in Apple’s top apps for social networking, and Signal was No. 12.

“I think what it has done is make a lot more farmland (like my mom and older relatives) who are not particularly tech-savvy or thinking in privacy become more aware of Facebook’s power and how their personal data is deterclear for targeted advertising to feed Facebook’s business,” Hegde said in an email. “And they are now significantly concerned that they have no harvest but to accept the terms.”

Last month, WhatsApp users got a observe telling them the app’s 3,800-word privacy policy and 5,000-word periods of service were being updated to include information in processing of user data, the ability of businesses to use Facebook services for ordering chats, and the relationship between WhatsApp and Facebook. The observe linked to the revised policies but didn’t outline the trusty changes users were agreeing to if they accepted the updates.

The causes spell out what happens to your data when you meaning a business on WhatsApp, which is different from chatting with friends and family. Some businesses might make communications available to a third-party service provider that manages their chats with customers, which can include Facebook, the revised privacy policy says. WhatsApp labels chats with businesses that use Facebook’s services to handle their conversations. A WhatsApp FAQ on the changes also averages that when a person messages a business, the stay might use that information for marketing, which could implicated Facebook ads. 

Some users thought the updates meant WhatsApp was causing to force them to share personal data with Facebook for the helpful time. (But WhatsApp has already been sharing data with Facebook to suggest cheerful and connections, and display “relevant offers and ads.” The commerce updated its privacy policy in 2016 to reflect that and WhatsApp users that year were decided to opt out of this data sharing.) 

On social believe, WhatsApp users quickly began sharing strategies about how to get family and friends to migrate to Signal or latest messaging apps. 

Siddharth Rao created a public Google doc he community on Twitter titled “How to start a conversation throughout the Signal app with your family.” Rao, a confidence and privacy researcher in Finland, said he’s trying to learn more from WhatsApp users throughout their experience migrating to Signal and whether they stayed once the move. Many of the people who added to the document smooth have “one leg” in WhatsApp and the other in Signal, he said. 

One strategy included in the document is to lie and tell republic that WhatsApp is shutting down. Other tips include graceful users into deleting WhatsApp after they’ve tried Signal, by disabling notifications for the Facebook-owned app.

Shachin Bharadwaj, an entrepreneur who splits his time between India and California, said he received anxious messages from his parents once the privacy changes were announced, concerned that WhatsApp was progressing to read their chats. The 38-year-old said he also recalled seeing videos, including one that called Facebook “evil” and claimed the commerce was planning to listen to users’ conversations. 

Bharadwaj knows that confidential messages remain encrypted on WhatsApp, but that didn’t stop him from downloading Signal last month. He’s used WhatsApp to order items such as medication in India, but he feels like there’s just “too much happening” on the Facebook-owned service and wants to keep his most personal chats, like his family chats, on Signal. He now splits his messaging between the apps.

“I don’t think you can ever slice WhatsApp as of the situation in India today,” Bharadwaj said, pointing to the amount of WhatsApp users in that farmland. “But my idea was to move quality conversations to Signal.”

As for Woblick, he thinks it’ll “take a lot of time” afore he’s comfortable deleting WhatsApp, because some of his friends stayed on the app. For now, nonetheless, he’s OK with using both. “For me it was more important to do that reliable step and migrate the most important people and contacts to Signal so I’m able to work with them minus needing to use WhatsApp,” he said.